Fall Is Actually Better
Most homeowners assume spring is the ideal planting season. But for most tree species in Minnesota, early fall — September through mid-October — gives better results. The soil is still warm, which encourages root growth, but the air is cool, which reduces transplant stress. The tree spends the entire fall and early spring establishing roots before it has to support leaves and new growth.
When Spring Planting Makes Sense
Some species are exceptions. Oaks, birches, and magnolias establish better when planted in spring (April through early May) because they're more susceptible to winter injury before their root systems are established. If you're planting bare-root stock (common with fruit trees and small ornamentals), spring is also the right call since bare-root trees need to go in the ground while still dormant.
The Biggest Planting Mistake
Planting too deep kills more trees than any disease or pest. The root flare — where the trunk widens at the base — should be visible at or slightly above the soil line. If you can't see the root flare after planting, you've gone too deep. Dig it back out and raise it. A tree planted 2 inches too deep can take years to show symptoms, but it will eventually decline.
Water the First Two Years
New trees need 10-15 gallons of water per week for the first two growing seasons. A slow trickle from a garden hose for 15-20 minutes twice a week is more effective than daily light sprinkles. Deep watering encourages roots to grow down, which makes the tree more drought-resistant long-term.